How Many Spells Learned Per Level in D&D 5e? A Comprehensive Guide
Fast answer first. Then use the tabs or video for more detail.
- Watch the video explanation below for a faster overview.
- Game mechanics may change with updates or patches.
- Use this block to get the short answer without scrolling the whole page.
- Read the FAQ section if the article has one.
- Use the table of contents to jump straight to the detailed section you need.
- Watch the video first, then skim the article for specifics.
The number of spells a character learns per level in Dungeons & Dragons 5th Edition (5e) isn’t a simple, single answer, as it varies significantly depending on the character’s class and sometimes even their subclass. However, the most straightforward answer for the Wizard class, the focus of much player inquiry, is this: Wizards learn two new spells of a level they can cast each time they gain a level. This is a core feature of the class, alongside their initial 6 spells at level 1 and the ability to discover and learn new spells from scrolls and other sources.
This article provides a detailed exploration of spell learning in 5e, focusing on the Wizard and addressing the many nuances of spell acquisition, preparation, and usage across different classes.
The Wizard’s Spellbook: Your Repository of Magical Knowledge
The Wizard class is unique in its approach to spellcasting. Unlike other classes who “know” a fixed number of spells, a Wizard utilizes a spellbook, where they store all the spells they learn. This spellbook starts with six 1st-level spells at level 1. Every time a Wizard levels up, they can add two new spells of a level they can cast to their spellbook for free.
Spell Discovery Beyond Leveling
This isn’t where spell learning ends for the Wizard. They can also copy spells they find written in scrolls or other spellbooks into their own, provided they meet the level requirements and have the necessary resources (time and gold). This means a Wizard’s spellbook can grow far beyond the initial 6 and the 2 added per level. This makes them the most versatile when it comes to having an array of spell options.
How Many Spells Do Other Classes Learn Per Level?
While the Wizard receives two new spells per level, other spellcasting classes have their own methods of acquiring new spells, which are very different:
- Clerics, Druids, and Paladins: These classes don’t “learn” spells in the traditional sense. Instead, they have access to their entire class spell list. They choose a limited number of spells to prepare for the day based on their level and spellcasting ability modifier. When they level up, they can prepare spells from the higher level spells from their spell list. They can change their prepared spells after a long rest. There isn’t a set number of “new” spells per level, but a progression in spell levels.
- Sorcerers and Bards: These classes learn a specific number of spells from their class list as they level up. Unlike the Wizard, they don’t have a spellbook or learn spells through discovering scrolls. Instead, their known spells are fixed, though they can replace one known spell with another when they gain a level. They tend to have smaller spell lists, but can make up for that in other ways like sorcerer’s Metamagic.
- Warlocks: These classes have a very limited number of spells known from their class spell list, which is further restricted by pact choices. Like sorcerers and bards, they don’t have a spellbook and can replace one of their known spells when they gain a level. They make up for that by having spells that come back on a short rest as well as invocations to make them powerful.
- Rangers and Artificers: These classes have their own spell lists, learning spells at a slower pace than other casters. They do not use a spellbook. Like the sorcerer, bard, and warlock they can choose to change 1 spell per level they gain.
- Half Casters (Ranger and Paladin): These classes learn spells at a slower rate compared to full casters, gaining access to higher-level spells later in their progression. They prepare spells from their class list similarly to Clerics and Druids.
Preparing Spells for Use
Knowing spells is not the same as being able to cast them. Most spellcasters, except for the Sorcerer and Warlock, need to prepare their spells each day after a long rest. The number of spells a character can prepare is determined by a formula tied to their class level and spellcasting ability modifier. This means that even if a Wizard knows dozens of spells, they can only use a select number each day.
Cantrips: The Constant Magic
Cantrips are spells that can be cast at will, without using spell slots. They are learned separately and do not need to be prepared. Each class has a specific number of cantrips they can know. For instance, a 1st-level Wizard starts with 4 cantrips, which they always know and can cast as often as they like.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Here are some frequently asked questions about spell learning in D&D 5e, with detailed answers to provide further clarity:
1. How many spells does a 1st-level Wizard know?
A 1st-level Wizard knows 6 1st-level spells in their spellbook. They also know 4 cantrips.
2. How many cantrips does a Sorcerer get?
A Sorcerer starts with 4 cantrips, and they learn more at higher levels based on their class progression. They can learn an additional cantrip at level 2.
3. How many spells can a Wizard prepare?
A Wizard can prepare a number of spells equal to their Wizard level + their Intelligence modifier.
4. Do cantrips count as spells?
Yes, cantrips are spells, but they do not require spell slots to cast. They are considered level 0 spells.
5. Can a Wizard learn any spell they find?
A Wizard can learn any spell they find written in a scroll or another Wizard’s spellbook, provided it’s a Wizard spell and of a level they can cast.
6. Can any spellcaster change their spells per level?
Yes, all spellcasters can replace one known spell with another of the same level when they gain a level, but this does not apply to prepared spells. This change also doesn’t apply to Cantrips.
7. Do 10th level spells exist in 5e?
No, 10th level spells and higher do not exist in D&D 5e. The maximum level for spells is 9. Previous editions included higher level spells but are not part of the current rules.
8. What class learns the most spells?
Wizards have the potential to learn the most spells, as their spellbooks can grow with acquired spells. They also have the biggest spell list for any class.
9. Are 9th level spells worth it?
Yes, 9th level spells are the most powerful spells in D&D 5e. They can alter reality and provide incredibly powerful effects.
10. How many spells does a level 2 Wizard know?
A level 2 Wizard would know 8 spells in their spellbook, with the additional two they receive at their new level. They still know 4 cantrips.
11. How many spells does a level 3 Wizard know?
A level 3 Wizard would know 10 spells in their spellbook (6 at level 1, 2 at level 2, and 2 at level 3) plus the 4 cantrips.
12. Can a Wizard learn more cantrips?
Wizards can learn a fixed number of cantrips, which does not increase when leveling up, although a Wizard can take the Magic Initiate feat to learn more from another class’s spell list.
13. How is spell save DC calculated?
Spell save DC is calculated as 8 + spellcasting ability modifier + proficiency bonus.
14. What determines how many spells can be prepared?
The number of spells prepared is determined by the character’s class level and their spellcasting ability modifier. Each class has their own formula.
15. How many 9th level spells can a Sorcerer learn?
A Sorcerer can learn a maximum of 5 9th-level spells. They have a very limited number of spells that they know, unlike Wizards who have a big spellbook.
Conclusion: Understanding Spell Progression
Spell learning in D&D 5e is a core element of playing a spellcasting character. Each class has its own unique way of acquiring and preparing spells. Wizards learn two new spells per level, and they can supplement their spellbook through research and discovery. Meanwhile, other classes have their own methods, but they can all change one spell per level. By understanding the nuances of spell progression, players can more effectively harness their character’s magical potential and contribute to their party’s success.